He began searching for novel parasite-fighting immune cells. McKenzie knew that IL-25 triggers a class of T cells called type-2 helper T cells (Th2s) to proliferate and produce IL-13, and he wondered ...

A new review in the Journal of Molecular Medicine explains how trained immunity, driven by epigenetic and metabolic ...

Our immune system spans two worlds—innate and adaptive. Innate immune cells are like troops at the gate ready to hold off invaders and raise the body's alarms. Adaptive immune cells are specialists ...

A new review by Dr. Ruyuan Wang and an international team of researchers explores the complex interactions between the innate and adaptive immune systems, shedding light on regulatory mechanisms in ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

The immune system can work in two ways: the innate immune system reacts to any foreign invaders that are identified by immune cells that look for such pathogens; but the acquired or adaptive immune ...

Researchers have discovered that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have a persistent effect on the innate immune system. These mechanisms may help the human body to better protect itself against potential ...

Secondary infections caused by bacteria or viruses during hospital care remain a long-standing global challenge, despite advances in modern medicine. In particular, mixed bacterial–viral infections in ...